韩城市花椒栽植地表覆盖园艺地布试验-《陕西林业科技》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Experiment with Mulching Plastic Film on the Ground of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Plantations in Hancheng City

Author(s):: DENG Li-xia; JIA Jun-feng; JI Hong-mei; ZHOU Fen-xia; Forest Sci-tech Center of Hancheng, Hancheng, Shaanxi 715400

Keywords:: Zanthoxylum bungeanum; mulching film; soil temperature and humidity; yield and performance; quality; Hancheng

摘要:: 为探索韩城市覆盖园艺地布生产花椒的效果和可行性,在韩城市西庄镇南强村,选择树龄8 a,品种为“南强一号”的代表性椒园进行了覆布对椒园土壤温度及含水量、产量性状、果品品质等影响对比试验,结果为与常规不覆布相比,覆布在3月中下旬可提高0～40 cm层土壤温度1～2 ℃,在夏季高温季节降低土壤温度2～3 ℃,提高土壤含水量2.6～3.8百分点,差异显著; 椒树平均春梢生长量51.6 cm,提高92.5%; 座果率由60%提高到80%; 果个平均直径为6.3 mm,比未覆布椒园高21.2%; 果爪平均果粒数为118粒,提高73.5%; 平均单爪质量13.34 g,提高49.4%; 平均单产(干果)1 470 kg?hm^-2,提高15.3%; 果品质量提升2个等级。覆盖园艺地布技术值得推广,栽植管理中应特别注意施肥和除草。

Abstract:: To explore the feasibility of using mulching plastic film in Zanthoxylum bungeanum plantations in Hancheng, experiments was conducted in the plantations of 8a and variety “Nanqiang No1”. The soil temperature, soil moisture content, production yield and quality were recorded. The result showed that by mulching the film, the soil temperature from 0 to 40 cm can be increased by 1 to 2 ℃. During the summer season, the temperature of soil can be reduced by 2 to 3 ℃. Soil moisture content can be increased by 2.6% to 3.8%. During spring, the shoot can reach 51.6 cm on average, 92.5% over CK. Fruit setting rate is increased from 60% to 80%, fruit diameter on average 6.3mm which is 21.2% over CK. One bunch of fruits consists of 118 grains, 73.5% over CK and the weight is on average 13.34 g, 49.4% over CK. The yield(dry)is 1 470 kg?hm^-2 on average, 15.3% over CK. The grade of products is increased by two grades. Mulching technology is worth wide extension but weeding and fertilization need intensive attention.