榆阳区三北防护林工程区林分退化调查与修复对策-《陕西林业科技》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Forest Degradation and Restoration in Three-North Shelterbelt Project Area in Yuyang District

Author(s):: MA Wang-yan³; ZHOU Fei-mei¹; LI Hong-mei²; GUO Xiao-jing²; (1.Yuyang Center of Forest and Grassland Ecological Restoration, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000; 2.Yuyang Work Station of Grassland, Yulin, Shaanxi 7190000)

Keywords:: Three-North Shelterbelt; forest degradation; area; scale; restoration technology; Yuyang

摘要:: 榆阳区是三北防护林工程建设的重点区县,自1978年三北防护林建设工程启动以来,先后开展了五期以营造防风固沙林和水土保持林为重点的三北防护林工程建设。全区造林保存面积323 040.16 hm²,林木覆盖率45.8%。早期主要栽植的杨树、刺槐等阔叶乔木树种和沙柳、柠条、紫穗槐、踏榔、花棒等灌木,大多已衰老退化。2021年运用榆阳区2020年森林资源管理“一张图”成果的县—乡(林场)—村(林班)—小班区划体系,采用遥感判读及ArcGIS软件从森林资源管理“一张图”和样线调查等方法,对退化林木比例、郁闭度、覆盖度、疏透度等进行了调查,结果为榆阳区三北防护林建设工程区现有退化防护林28 360.34 hm²。其中:乔木林1 570.58 hm²,灌木林267 89.76 hm²。根据不同乔木林树种和林种以及退化程度等,可采取不同的修复改造技术。

Abstract:: Yuyang District is the key district in the construction of the Three-North shelterbelt project which was started in 1978 and has experienced five phases centering on the establishment of windproof and sand-fixing forest and soil and water conservation forest. The area of afforestation preservation is 323 040.16 hm², coverage rate reaching 45.8%. Broad-leaved trees such as poplars, Robinia and shrubs such as sand willow, Caragana korshinskii, Amorpha fruticosa, Hedysarum fruticosum, and Hedysarum scoparium, which were mainly planted in the early period, have mostly degraded. Based on the county-township(forest farm)-village(forest compartment)-sub-compartment system resulting from “one map”of forest resources management in Yuyang District in 2020 and remote sensing data as well as sample lines investigation, the degraded forests was studied regarding the proportion of degraded trees, canopy density, coverage and permeability of degraded trees. The results showed that there were 28 360.34 hm² degraded shelterbelts in the Three- North shelterbelts project area of Yuyang District. Among them, arbor forest is about 1 570.58 hm² and shrub forest 267 89.76 hm². Different restoration and reconstruction techniques can be adopted in view of specific trees and degradation situation.